Effect on Humulus scandens Alcohol Extract on Secretory Diarrhea of mice

To explore the therapeutic effect of Humulus scandens alcohol extract on secretory diarrhea in mice,we used lavage of senna to produce diarrhea mice mode.The mental state,body weight,colon intestinal wall thickness and histopathological changes were observed daily during the experiment period and the disease activity index was detected to evaluated therapeutic action of Humulus scandens alcohol extract on diarrhea.The results showed that compared with model group,the treatment group had significant effects on metal state,body weight and small intestinal villus recoveries;Compared with model group,body weight of treatment group had a rising trend but still couldn't reach the normal level.The DAI of treatment group decreased compared with model grope,there was no significant difference between blank group and treatment group (P>0.05).Compared with model group,intestinal wall thickness of treatment group were significant differences (P<0.05),the treatment effect was remarkable.Histological examination showed that in blank group,small intestinal villus was neatly,the hierarchical structure was clear,and there was no small vessel hyperemia and no villous intestinal edema.While small intestinal villus of model group disordered,most of the villus fell off,there was inflammation exudation on the surface of villi,villous edema and congestion of small blood vessels.Compared with model group,symptoms of treatment group significantly changed,which showed greatly reduced cell inflammatory exudation,there was no obvious edema and congestion in villi interstitial,small intestinal structure was roughly the same as normal tissue,the treatment effect was obvious.Humulus scandens alcohol extract had significant therapeutic effect on diarrhea in mice,and could provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of secretory diarrhea.     

千里光的化学成分鉴定及体外抗菌试验

用分项试管预试法和圆形滤纸层析法对千里光的化学成分进行了检验;进行了千里光全草水煎剂及贡酮提取物的体外抗菌试验,结果表明,千里光全草含有黄酮及其甙类,酚性物质,鞣质,挥发油及生物碱等化学成分;千里光全草及其黄酮提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌,大肠埃希氏菌,肠炎沙门氏菌,炭疽杆菌,溶血性链球菌均有明显的抗菌作用。     

鸡屎藤提取物对0～4周龄定安鹅免疫功能的影响

选取240只1日龄定安鹅,随机分为4组,每组设3个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加分别相当于原药材0.5%、1.0%和2.0%的鸡屎藤提取物。试验周期28 d。结果表明,1.0%添加量为最佳比例,定安鹅雏鹅平均日增重和料重比显著提高(P<0.05);IgA、IgG、补体C3、CD8、CD4/CD8、以及ANAE也显著增加(P<0.05);补体C4和CD4极显著增加(P<0.01)。研究为探索中草药添加剂在鹅养殖中的应用提供基础数据。     

越冬时葎草雌雄株生理反应和再生策略的差异分析

以野生雌雄葎草为材料,通过测定越冬前(12月1日)、越冬中(1月15日)和越冬后(4月15日)雌雄株构件中可溶性糖(SS)、淀粉(ST)、丙酮酸(PA)含量和硝酸还原酶(NR)活性,测定越冬后构件存活率和再生率及再生构件性状与生物量分配比,分析雌雄株越冬时生理反应和再生策略的差异。结果表明:1)越冬前雄株叶片中ST含量小于雌株而SS含量大于雌株,其成熟茎和根的SS和ST含量均小于雌株(P<0.05),雄株通过提高叶中SS含量抵御寒冷,雌株通过转移糖分到茎和根应对寒冷;2)越冬前雄株叶和茎的PA含量显著大于雌株,根中含量显著小于雌株(P<0.05),构件中NR活性无性别差异(P>0.05),雄株通过增强茎和叶的呼吸抵御寒冷,雌株通过根储备营养应对寒冷;3)越冬后雌株再生叶的SS和ST含量大于雄株(P<0.05),PA含量和NR活性小于雄株,其再生代谢基础高于雄株;4)越冬时雄株植株存活率为26.67%,为雌株植株存活率的34.78%,雄株存活植株的茎存活率仅为雌株的32.24%,越冬后雌株茎、叶再生率仅为雄株的21.03%和23.82%,而花序再生率高达74.40%;5)雌株再生叶数和叶面积及再生茎长小于雄株(P<0.05),其再生茎和叶生物量分配比仅0.59%和1.31%,再生花序分配达98.09%,其再生花序柄和花序轴长及小花数大于越冬前正常花序,且萼片面积增大且生物量分配比占31.26%,总面积达624.92 cm²·株^-1,为再生叶总面积的24.50倍。越冬时雄株通过生理反应抵御寒冷,使茎和根贮藏物质低于雌株,故其存活率和再生率低于雌株。越冬后雄株再生生物量仅1.57 g·株^-1全部分配到营养器官,雌株再生总生物量达32.05 g·株^-1,且98.09%分配到花序,萼片代替叶片为主要光合器官,为花序形成和开花就近提供养分。     

葎草在西部大开发中的开发前景

报道了草的形态特征、生长特点、生态习性、药理功能、营养成分及饲用价值 对草在西部大开发荒山荒坡治理中的保土护坡作用及提供特殊的优质饲草 ,促进畜禽养殖业的稳定和持续发展进行了探讨     

Male and female genetic linkage map of hops, Humulus lupulus

A male and female linkage map of hop has been constructed using 224 DNA polymorphisms (106 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), three random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), one RAPD‐sequence‐tagged‐site (STS), and three microsatellite (STSs) segregating in an F₁ population of the English cultivar ‘Wye Target’‐the German male breeding line ‘85/54/15’. Linkage between these loci was estimated using JOINMAP Version 2.0. The final map for the female parent consisted of 110 loci assigned to eight linkage groups covering a distance of 346.7 cM. For the male map, 57 loci could be mapped on nine linkage groups spanning over 227.4 cM. One of these male linkage groups (Gr09‐M) presumably represents the Y chromosome, since all markers assigned (10 AFLPs, three RAPDs and one STS) were closely linked to the male sex (M). Because of their sex‐specific segregation, 10 doubly heterozygous AFLPs spanning a distance of 18.7 cM could be identified as markers describing the X chromosome, which is part of the male and female map. Three STMSs, which had already proved useful in hop genotyping, could be integrated as codominant locus‐specific markers and thus allowed to produce reliable allelic bridges between the female and male counterparts.     

啤酒花(Humulus lupulus)茎尖培养快速繁殖的研究

对啤酒花茎尖培养生比分化培养条件、生根方法及试管苗移栽作了研究。表明茎尖作外植体材料时,适合于生长和分化的培养基组合为 MS+BA10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)+2,4-D~(-6)mol·L~(-1)+GA_310~(-6)mol·L~(-1)+ 葡萄糖30 g·L~(-1)+琼脂0.94%,P~H5.1。培养周期为3周。增殖系数5～7,分化株率95%,平均嫩茎高度1.7cm。适于生根的培养基组合为 KM+BA10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)+IBA10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)+葡萄糖20～30g·L~(-1)+琼脂0.85%,GA_310~(-6)mol·L~(-1)或不加,pH5.4。生根培养时用 IBA10~(-3) mol·L~(-1)预处理小插条基部对生根有促进作用。小插条用 IBA(10~(-4)～10~(-5)mol·L~(-1))速沾5s,能在试管外扦插生根,生根株率为68%,生根苗能顺利成活和生长。     

葎草对植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

[目的]探讨葎草在生长过程中对其他植物的影响。[方法]采用培养皿滤纸法,研究葎草水浸提液对番茄、矮脚黄、莴苣种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。[结果]葎草水浸提液对3种植物种子终萌发率的影响是有差异的,对番茄种子萌发没有明显影响,对矮脚黄、莴苣的影响较显著,而且地上部浸提液对矮脚黄种子萌发抑制作用较地下部强,而地下部浸提液对莴苣萌发的抑制作用较地上部明显。葎草不同部位浸提液对3种植物根长和苗长生长的影响趋势是一致的,不同处理浓度,抑制根长生长,而刺激苗长生长。[结论]该研究为农业生产和植物源除草剂的研究提供了理论依据。     

紫金龙总生物碱超声波辅助提取工艺

采用酸性染料比色法测定紫金龙(Dactylicapnos scandens)总生物碱的含量,通过正交设计方法,以总生物碱提取率为评价指标,优化超声波辅助提取工艺。结果表明,超声波辅助提取总生物碱的影响因素大小顺序为乙醇体积分数>提取时间>料液比,用料液比为1∶9(m/V,g∶mL),90%(V/V,下同)的乙醇溶解,超声波辅助提取40 min为最佳提取工艺条件,此工艺条件下,总生物碱提取率为2.69%。     

千里光体外抗病毒作用研究

[目的]研究千里光水煎剂的体外抗病毒作用。[方法]采用细胞体外病变效应（CPE）法检测千里光水煎剂在人宫颈癌HeLa细胞中对人流感病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、柯萨奇病毒B3、腺病毒3型和单纯疱疹病毒I型的抑制作用。[结果]千里光水煎剂在体外有较好的抑制副流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒致细胞病变作用,对人流感病毒、柯萨奇病毒B3、腺病毒3型和单纯疱疹病毒I型没有抑制作用。[结论]千里光水煎剂在体外具有抗副流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒的作用。